Which of the following is not one of the three factors that are crucial for the blockchain?

The correct choice highlights that a centralized authority is not one of the three factors crucial for blockchain technology. In fact, one of the defining characteristics of blockchain is its decentralized nature, which allows it to operate without a single point of control. This decentralization enhances security and trust, as transactions are verified and recorded across a distributed network of nodes, rather than relying on a centralized entity.

The other factors, such as independent confirmation, inexpensive and fast computing capacity, and asymmetric encryption, are integral to how blockchain functions. Independent confirmation ensures that transactions are validated by multiple sources before being added to the blockchain, thus enhancing reliability. Inexpensive and fast computing capacity facilitates efficient processing of transactions, making blockchain more accessible and practical. Asymmetric encryption is crucial for securing data and maintaining the integrity of the transactions on the blockchain, allowing users to encrypt their information and ensure only authorized parties can access it.

Thus, the absence of a centralized authority is fundamental to blockchain's design and operation, making this choice the correct answer.